Known as a mobile operating system (OS), Android is based on the Linux kernel and currently developed by Google. With a user interface based on direct manipulation, Android is designed primarily for touch screen mobile devices such as smartphones and tablet computers, with particular user interfaces for televisions (Android TV), cars (Android Auto) and wrist watches (Android Wear). This OS makes use of touch inputs that loosely corresponds to real-world actions, like swiping, tapping, pinching, and reverse pinching to manipulate on-screen objects, and a virtual keyboard. From 2015, Android has the prevalent installed base of all operating systems of any kind.

Know Windows Phone (WP) is a family of mobile operating systems developed by Microsoft for smartphones as the stand-in successor to Windows Mobile and Zune. Windows Phone includes a new user interface derived from Metro design language. The home screen, called as the “Start screen”, is composed well of “Live Tiles”, which have been the idea for the Windows 8 live tiles. Different Windows Mobile, it is primarily intended at the consumer market rather than the enterprise market. This was first launched in October 2010 with Windows Phone 7.

BlackBerry is commonly called smartphones designed and marketed by BlackBerry Limited. Its user interface varies by model; most had featured a physical QWERTY keyboard, while newer generations have believed on a multi-touch screen and virtual keyboard. BlackBerry devices can record video, take photos, play music and also give functions such as Web-browsing, email messaging, instant messaging and the multi-platform BlackBerry Messenger service.